We identified a number of key geopolitical risks facing Europe today. These include war and armed conflict, the risk of nuclear disaster, particularly in relation to Ukraine, national security threats, internal divisions within Europe, economic instability, migration pressures, and broader humanitarian concerns. In our view, these challenges have especially strong effects on industry, government, and the environment, and they should therefore be addressed through a coordinated and forward-looking European response.

To respond to these risks, we believe that human welfare should remain at the centre of policy, while recognising the need for a differentiated approach that reflects the different situations and capacities of Member States. At EU level, decision-making could be strengthened by moving further towards qualified majority voting in relevant areas, allowing the Union to react more effectively and coherently to urgent geopolitical challenges. At Member State level, governments should improve the coordination and gathering of resources and invest more in education so that societies are better prepared and more resilient. At individual level, civilians should be supported through greater access to first-aid training and broader preparedness measures.